| 题名 | 近场头相关传输函数的测量和分析 |
| 作者 | 龚玫 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06-08 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院声学研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 声学研究所 |
| 关键词 | 头相关传输函数 测量 双耳声级差 双耳时间差 |
| 其他题名 | Measurement and Analysis of Near-Field Head-Related Transfer Function |
| 学位专业 | 信号与信息处理 |
| 中文摘要 | 头相关传输函数（Head-Related Transfer Function，HRTF），是描述声波从声源到双耳的传输过程的函数，包含了重要的声源定位信息，对双耳听觉研究和虚拟听觉的应用都具有十分重要的意义。头相关传输函数的测量、插值、线性分解、个性化特征近似等工作是近期的研究热点。头相关传输函数可用于三维虚拟声的合成，随着心理声学和数字信号处理技术的高速发展，已广泛应用于多媒体、虚拟现实、电话会议等领域。 本文针对近场头相关传输函数的特点，设计了一套测量实验系统和方案，并完成了大量的测量实验工作，建立了高空间分辨率的近场头相关传输函数数据库；对测量获得的数据进行了分析，归纳出变化趋势；采用了一种头相关传输函数的空间插值算法。 本文设计了距离可调整、可覆盖全方位角和仰角的头相关传输函数测量系统，该系统采用脉冲信号发生器放电发声和扬声器播放最大长度序列两种声源信号。在分析对比远、近场数据时，分析了距离、方位角、仰角等参量对头相关传输函数的影响规律，并根据测量数据计算出双耳声级差和双耳时间差进行分析。对基于互易原理的空间插值算法进行了仿真。采用了基于高空间分辨率的数据库的空间插值算法，有效的降低了插值的平均误差和均方误差，仿真结果说明了该算法的有效性。 |
| 英文摘要 | Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF) describes the transmission process of sound wave from sound source to human ears and the dispersion of sound wave by human physiological systems like auricles, head and torso. HRTF contains important information about sound location (e.g. Interaural Level Difference, Interaural Time Difference, etc.). Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate on biaural hearing and application of virtual acoustics technology. Extensive research has been carried out on HRTF in recent decades, including measurement, interpolation, linear composition and individualized characteristics approximation, etc. With the rapid development of psychoacoustics and digital signal processing technology, HRTF is frequently utilized to simulate three-dimensional virtual sound and widely applied in the fields of multimedia, virtual reality and teleconference. Based on the characteristics of near-field HRTF, an experimental system was devised, which was then used for a lot of measurements in order to build a near-field HRTF database of high spatial resolution. The influence of parameters on HRTF in both near- and far-field conditions was discussed. An interpolation algorithm based on high spatial resolution database was realized. In the experimental system, a method for measuring HRTF with different distances, azimuthes and elevations was proposed. Two kinds of sound sources were used, including impulse signal by spark and maximum length sequences (MLS) by loudspeaker. The influence of parameters such as distance, elevation and azimuth in both near- and far-field conditions was discussed. In addition, Interaural Level Difference(ILD) and Interaural Time Difference(ITD) of HRTFs were computed and their patterns of variation were analyzed. The present study also simulated the spatial interpolation algorithm based on reciprocity principle and adopted an interpolation algorithm based on high spatial resolution database. The latter algorithm had reduced both the mean deviation and the mean square deviation effectively. Results of simulation had proved the feasibility and validity of the algorithm. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-05-07 |
| 页码 | 83 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.59.140/handle/311008/224]  |
| 专题 | 声学研究所_声学所博硕士学位论文_1981-2009博硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 龚玫. 近场头相关传输函数的测量和分析[D]. 声学研究所. 中国科学院声学研究所. 2007. |
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