| 题名 | 刹管法产生空化的原理及其所产生特色声波的一项利用 |
| 作者 | 李超 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-02-01 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院声学研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 声学研究所 |
| 关键词 | 刹管法 空化气泡 液体内压强场 鲜气泡核 |
| 其他题名 | The principle of cavitation by the tube-arrest method and an application of the characteristic acoustic wave produced by the method |
| 学位专业 | 声学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文中对刹管法本身进行了研究。首先了解了管中液体内压强场的情况。计算和实验测量了在没有气泡的原始状态下，在垂直管被刹住时，液体内产生的压强场；发现这时有压强波在液体内上下反射传播，波的波形是约三、四个周期，频率约为100Hz，先负压后正压，衰减的脉冲，即声脉冲。我们用自制的水听器测量了最前沿的负压的绝对值，这个负压是产生气泡的主动力。 随后用刹管法在乙二醇等液体中产生了瞬态单一空化气泡，用高速照相机测量了气泡的运动，并用光电倍增管测量了气泡发光。用Rayleigh-Plesset方程模拟了同条件下的气泡运动，和实验值作了对比。 我们最后利用刹管法所产生的特殊声波，即分离的、可控间歇的短声脉冲，研究了溶有不同浓度氙气的乙二醇中产生空化气泡的规律，提出假设，认为这些气泡是具有新界面的鲜气泡。 |
| 英文摘要 | This paper studies the principle of the tube-arrest method. Firstly, the pressure field in the liquid inside the tube is investigated. We calculate and measure the pressure field when the vertical tube is arrested, under the condition of absence of bubbles. It is found that a pressure wave propagates up and down in the liquid, the wave form of the pressure being a short, decaying, which lasts 3 or 4 cycles, with the negative pressure leading the positive and has frequency of around 100Hz. The pressure pulse is thus an acoustic pulse. We measure, with the use of a self-designed hydrophone, the absolute values of the initial tensions in the waves which dominate the production of cavitation bubbles. Next we apply the tube-arrest method to produce transient single bubbles in several liquids like ethylene glycol and observe the bubble growth with a high speed camera as well as measure the luminescence with a photo-multiplies tube. Then we theoretically compute the bubble growth by the Rayleigh-Plesset equation and compare the results of bubble growth so computer with those experimentally measured. Finally, we utilize the characteristic acoustic wave produced by the tube-arrested method, i.e. a wave which is discrete and controllable intermittent, to investigate the phenomenon of cavitation production in Xe doped ethylene glycol with various concentration of the dissolved gas. We conclude that the bubble thus produced are likely “fresh” bubbles with new surfaces. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-05-07 |
| 页码 | 90 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.59.140/handle/311008/48]  |
| 专题 | 声学研究所_声学所博硕士学位论文_1981-2009博硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李超. 刹管法产生空化的原理及其所产生特色声波的一项利用[D]. 声学研究所. 中国科学院声学研究所. 2007. |
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