| 题名 | 大型底栖生物（河蚬）生物标志物开发与在环境监测中应用 |
| 作者 | 王琪 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 查金苗 |
| 关键词 | 河蚬，miRNA，有机磷酸酯，凋亡通路，生物标志物 Corbicula fluminea, miRNA, organophosphates, apoptotic pathways, biomarkers |
| 其他题名 | The development of Macrobenthos (Corbicula fluminea) biomarker and application in environmental monitoring |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 生物监测是环境监测重要部分，当前我国环境监测主要依赖化学分析监测，近年来虽然国际上生物监测技术发展比较迅猛，但基于我国环境监测标准限制，我国生物监测发展一直处于研究阶段，当前生物监测主要依赖于藻、溞和鱼类水生生物物种，对于大型底栖生物目前监测仅依赖于生物多样性调查，因此亟待发展我国水生实验生物，尤其需要加强大型底栖生物生物标志物筛选以及模式化研究。因此本文采用我国广泛分布的软体动物河蚬作为实验生物，为加强其背景生物学研究，系统研究了河蚬生物标志物，最后利用上述标志物探讨了环境污染物对河蚬作用机制。 主要研究内容与结果如下： 1）利用Illumina技术获得了河蚬miRNA信息转录组信息，获得了28799934条高质量序列，鉴定了45条保守的和39条新的河蚬miRNAs；荧光定量PCR定量结果表明12个miRNA中9个miRNAs在腹足中表达量最高，而miR-10和Novel-2各自在鳃和内脏团中表达最高；预测软件结果发现miRNAs和环境污染相关基因相关，为河蚬作为实验生物提供了分子生物学基础。 2）采用RACE技术，成功克隆获得河蚬CCK, Conopression和FFamide的全长 cDNA 序列， 预测了河蚬CCK, Conopression和FFamide蛋白的分子结构特征，并分析了神经肽在河蚬不同组织中的表达分布；有机磷酸酯对神经肽显著调节，表明了CCK, Conopression和Ffamide适合作为河蚬生物标志物，为环境污染物生物监测提供技术手段。 3）结合转录组测序技术和荧光定量PCR技术分析了典型有机磷酸酯（TDCPP和TBP）毒理作用机制，多指标结果表明长期低剂量暴露下，主要影响相关通路为凋亡通路、黏着斑通路、小细胞肺癌通路、细胞黏附分子通路，酶活指标和凋亡相关基因指标证实了典型有机磷酸酯显著诱导河蚬细胞凋亡。 |
| 英文摘要 | Biological monitoring is an important part of environmental monitoring. Currently the environmental monitoring in China mainly depended on the chemical analysis and monitoring. In recent years, although the internationally biological monitoring technology development is rapid, based on restrictions of our standard of environmental monitoring, the development of biological monitoring in our country has been in the research stage. Currently, biological monitoring manly relies on algae, Daphnia and fish aquatic species, for large benthic current monitoring depends only on biodiversity survey. Therefore, it is urgent to develop aquatic laboratory animals in our country, particularly to strengthen the screening of large benthic biomarkers and modeling study. Therefore in this study the widespread mollusk-Corbicula fluminea in our country was taken as an experimental organism, to strengthen the biological background research, we systematically study biomarkers of the Corbicula fluminea in monitoring environmental pollutants. Finally, we discuss mechanism of environmental pollutants on Corbicula fluminea through the above markers. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) Through Illumina sequencing we obtained the Corbicula fluminea miRNA biological information, and obtained the 28799934 high quality sequences, then identified 45 conservative and 39 new Corbicula fluminea miRNAs; Fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that nine miRNAs of 12 were expressed highest in the gastropod, while miR-10 and Novel-2 was expressed highest respectively in gill and visceral mass; Software prediction results showed that miRNAs related to environmental pollution genes, this provides a molecular biological basis for Corbicula fluminea as an experimental organism. 2) Through RACE technology, we successfully cloned the Corbicula fluminea the full-length cDNA sequence of CCK, Conopression and FFamide, predicted the molecular structure of Corbicula fluminea CCK, Conopression and FFamide protein, and analyzed the distribution of neuropeptide expression in different tissues of Corbicula fluminea; the organic phosphate significantly increased the expression of neuropeptide, indicating that the CCK, and Ffamide Conopression can be taken as Corbicula fluminea biomarkers and this provides a technical means for the biological monitoring of environmental pollutants. 3) By combining with transcriptome sequencing technology and fluorescence quantitative PCR we analysis the toxicological mechanism of typical organic phosphate(TDCPP and TBP), Multiple indicators showed that long-term low-dose exposure mainly effect apoptosis pathway, focal adhesion pathway, small cell lung cancer pathway and cell adhesion molecular pathways, the detect of caspase enzyme activity and apoptosis related genes confirmed that typical organic phosphate significantly induced Corbicula fluminea cell apoptosis. |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/37017]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王琪. 大型底栖生物（河蚬）生物标志物开发与在环境监测中应用[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论