英文摘要 |
Attending to and disengaging from emotional material in a flexible manner is termed affective flexibility(Malooly, Genet, & Siemer, 2013), related to the switching process of emotional materials. When using task-switching paradigm to explore asymmetrical switch cost in affective flexibility,existing results are inconsistent. And we should pay more attention to the age difference of affective flexibility. Only few studies show that affective flexibility is associated with the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies such as rumination and reappraisal, so more research is needed.
Experiment 1 used task switching paradigm to explore the model of special switch costs and its age difference. The purposes of experiment 2 are to investigate whether the valence of emotional pictures impact older adults’s switching process, to calculate specific switch costs for different trial types and its relationship with emotion regulation strategies. The results of the study are as follows:
In affective-switching task, older adults’s reaction time was longer than young adults’s. When switching to affective task-sets, switch costs were even bigger. And we haven’t found an aging effect for different classes of switch costs. Regardless of the valence of emotional materials, when switching to affective tesk-sets, older adults spent more time to complete emotional judgment task. Furthermore, positive affective switch costs were significantly longer than negative affective switch costs. And positive non-affective switch costs were significantly longer than negative affective switch costs.
Correlation regression analysis showed that different classes of switch costs weren’t related with expression suppression, cognitive reappraisal, positive score and negative score. There was a very significant negative correlation between expression suppression and negative affective switch costs, a significant positive correlation between positive score and negative nonaffective switch costs for male.
Conclusions:
(1) Older Adults’ affective Flexibility does not decline with age, and it is still able to maintain.When switching to affective task-sets, switch costs were even bigger for the elderly and young people. This is not support sequential difficulty effect model.
(2) With the different valence emotional stimuli, the elderly have different flexibility when finishing task-switching task. Affective switch costs is higher, and obviously affected by positive valence. There exists positive effect in the process of emotion stimulus for the elderly.
(3) It is found that the frequency of different emotion regulation strategies is related to different types of switch costs. It is shown that the frequency of expression inhibition is negatively correlated with the negative affective switch costs for male. |
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