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题名	民事诉讼中的专家证人制度; Expert witness system in civil proceedings
作者	刘瑜
答辩日期	2007 ; 2007
导师	齐树洁
关键词	民事诉讼 Civil Proceedings 专家证人 Expert Witnesses 证据制度 Evidence System
英文摘要	内 容 摘 要 专家证据是随着科技进步而广泛运用的证据形式。英美法系国家的专家证人制度将专家视为一种特殊证人较有特色。专家证人以鉴定结论或专家意见等多种形式向法庭提供证据，强调专家证人的公正性、独立性，通过交叉询问进行审查。鉴定结论在大陆法系有重要的诉讼功能，是法官据以查明案件事实认定案件性质的重要依据。它以专有的特殊的认定方式，使那些初步起证明作用的证据材料显现其在诉讼中的证明力。在我国，专家证据仅有鉴定结论这一种形式，不能满足实际需要。借鉴英美国家的经验与教训，建立我国以鉴定结论为主、以专家证言为补充的专家证据制度势在必行。本文从介绍英美法系的专家证人制度着手，比较两大法系中的专家证人与鉴定人制度，对我国从目前的“鉴定人——专家辅助人”的诉讼制度架构出发，逐步建立、完善和规范我国民事诉讼中的专家证人制度，进行了初步的探索。全文除引言和结语外，分为五章。第一章论述英美法系的专家证人制度。首先简略介绍专家证人的概念，并与相关概念进行辨析，再对专家证人的选任进行比较。在分析专家证人制度的特点及优劣后，以英国民事诉讼改革中专家证人制度的变革为例证，着重介绍近年来专家证人制度的新发展。第二章介绍了以法国和德国为代表的大陆法系国家司法鉴定制度的基本情况。第三章阐述两大法系关于司法鉴定制度的比较，在分别介绍两大法系关于司法鉴定制度的基础上，进行区别对比。第四章论证我国民事诉讼引入专家证人制度的必要性，指出这种司法鉴定制度存在诸多弊端和缺陷，应当借鉴外国的相关法律制度进行完善。第五章提出建立我国民事诉讼专家证人制度的构想。建议立法上确认专家证人的概念，对专家证人的选任和法律地位进行界定，并对专家证据的采信、对专家证人的交叉询问等制度的内容提出了建议。关 键 词：民事诉讼；专家证人；证据制度; ABSTRACT With the progress of science and technology and expert evidence was widely used as forms of evidence. Compared with countries applying common Law system, a special feature of the expert witness system is that experts are accepted as special witnesses. Expert witness or expert advice is presented in the form of expert’s conclusions to the court to give evidence, stressing the impartiality of expert witnesses and independence, through cross-examination. Expert’s conclusions bear civil litigation function in continental law system. It serves as important evidence for the judge to identify the nature of the case. Its special proprietary method makes the initial proving role of the evidence show its proving power in the proceedings. However, expert evidence in China is neither scientific, nor do they meet the actual need. Learning from both the experiences and lessons of Britain and the United States, the establishment of the system of expert’s conclusion with expert testimony as supplement is imperative. Based on the introduction of Anglo-American law system, with the comparison of expert and expert witnesses in two legal systems, the expert witness, a tentative study of Chinese “experts -- experts who support” framework of the litigation system and the gradual improvement and standardization of the system of expert witnesses in civil proceedings in China is conducted. The paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduced the expert witnesses in Anglo-American law system. A brief introduction of the concept of expert witnesses and related concepts is followed by the comparison of the selection of expert witnesses. After the analysis of the characteristics and merits of expert witnesses system, the recent development of expert witness is approached in particular citing the changes taken place in the expert witness evidence as a result of the reform of the British civil system. The second chapter take France and Germany as representatives to introduce continental law system’s basic situation about expert witnesses. The third chapter presents the comparison of Judicial authentications of Anglo-American law system and the continental law system. A comparison of the two legal systems are reached based on the introduction of them. The fourth chapter demonstrates the need of the introduction of expert witnesses into civil litigation in China. From the angle of the characteristics of our civil justice system, such judicial system has many shortcomings and flaws which should be taken into account when used for reference. In such cases, transplantation of foreign-related legal system as reference can be considered. The fifth chapter presents the idea of establishing a system of civil litigation expert witnesses. China's expert witnesses should be subject to the recognition of the concept of expert witnesses in legislation, its election and the legal status. Suggestions are also provide for the admission of the expert evidence and the cross-examination of the proposed system. Key Words: Civil Proceedings; Expert Witnesses; Evidence System; 学位：法律硕士; 院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM); 学号：X200308108
语种	zh_CN
出处	http://210.34.4.13:8080/lunwen/detail.asp?serial=15476
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/22555]
专题	法学院－学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘瑜. 民事诉讼中的专家证人制度, Expert witness system in civil proceedings[D]. 2007, 2007.

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