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	大坝下游冲积河流修复与保护对策研究
	周建军 ; 张曼 ; ZHOU Jian-jun ; ZHANG Man
	2016-03-30 ; 2016-03-30
关键词	粗沙 平原冲积河流 平衡比降 河流修复 coarse sediment alluvial river equilibrium slope restoration TV147.3
其他题名	On the Restoration Strategies of Alluvial Rivers Downstream of Dams
中文摘要	人类活动已经改变了江河泥沙通量,下游平原冲积河流地貌、生境和生态条件正在发生剧烈变化。保护下游河流,维持河流健康、稳定和长期安全是我们面临的巨大挑战。分析了冲积河流纵向地貌形态及其与河流泥沙等通量的关系,以及在河流泥沙中相对较少的粗泥沙对下游平原冲积河流平衡比降的作用,证明这些粗沙是维持下游河流稳定的关键因素。同时,分选粗沙是河道型水库淤积的重要特征,在当前挖泥技术和经济能力条件下,在水库变动回水区较大规模挖粗沙已经具有很大的可行性。因此建议:①研究在三峡库尾挖粗沙2 000万~3 000万t/a(弃置坝前、返回下游河流)以抑制长江中下游河道出现大幅度冲刷的可能性;②探求利用小浪底等干流水库分选粗沙、挖粗沙(5 000万t/a)并在中游放淤区堆放,实现黄河下游河道不抬高。; Strong human activities have changed the fluvial flux of lowland alluvial rivers(LARs) and are rapidly changing the integrities of the geomorphology,habitation and the ecosystems of LARs as a whole.To preserve the health(stability and long-term safety) of LARs is one of the greatest challenges we are facing.In this paper,we analyzed the relationship of the longitudinal slope of LARs with flow and sediment conditions.We revealed a dominant effect of coarse sediment(CS),small proportion in the sediment load from upstream,on the equilibrium slope(ES) and stability of LARs.In the meantime,such CS has been proved selectively deposited in the upstream reservoirs and it is possible with present technically and economically accepted effort to remove it downstream.As a result,we suggested to investigate: 1) the feasibility of dredging 20-30Mt/yr CS from the fluctuating backwater reach of the Three Gorges Reservoir,delivering it downstream to prevent the dramatically incising middle Yangtze River; and 2) the possibility of using the Xiaolangdi reservoir in the same way but to remove 50 Mt/yr CS out of the ever-rising Lower Yellow River so to help this vulnerable river achieving a long-term stability.
语种	中文 ; 中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/ir/item.do?handle=123456789/148699]
专题	清华大学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周建军,张曼,ZHOU Jian-jun,等. 大坝下游冲积河流修复与保护对策研究[J],2016, 2016.
APA	周建军,张曼,ZHOU Jian-jun,&ZHANG Man.(2016).大坝下游冲积河流修复与保护对策研究..
MLA	周建军,et al."大坝下游冲积河流修复与保护对策研究".(2016).

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