| 历史学是何种意义上的“科学”? | |
| 张绪山 ; ZHANG Xu-shan | |
| 2010-06-07 ; 2010-06-07 | |
| 关键词 | 历史学 科学 Science History K0 |
| 其他题名 | What "science" is history? |
| 中文摘要 | 历史学被视为"科学"学科之一而享有"历史科学"之名。历史研究中获取知识的基本手段是以证据为基础的逻辑论证,而严格意义上的"科学"获取知识的基本手段是逻辑论证和试验验证,二者缺一不可。历史研究的主要特点是:主要证据(文字记载)大多具有客观性的不完备和数量的不充分;研究者不能完全摆脱自身既定因素(个人经历、倾向性、情感等)的干预和影响;结论无法进行重复验证。这些特点使历史学区别于严格意义上的"科学"各学科。历史学和其他人文学科一样,其存在的合理性和必要性,并非仅仅取决于它含有部分科学因素(逻辑论证),更取决于它对人类生活价值的指导意义。; History has been categorized as one branch of science under the name of historical science. It is well known that history study is chiefly based on logical reasoning and archival records, whereas all branches of science, in its proper sense, are indispensably associated with both logical reasoning and experimental methods. History study has a number of features: first, most written materials that historians have recourse to are of less objectivity, and they are in most cases not sufficient in number for any absolute certainty of conclusion; second, historians are by no means free in research from their predispositions and limitations, such as inclinations, biases, perspectives and emotions, etc.; and thirdly, historians' conclusions can not be reexamined by systematic experiments. These characteristics of historical study make itself differentiated from all branches of science in a strict sense. |
| 语种 | 中文 ; 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 源URL | [http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/43702]  |
| 专题 | 清华大学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张绪山,ZHANG Xu-shan. 历史学是何种意义上的“科学”?[J],2010, 2010. |
| APA | 张绪山,&ZHANG Xu-shan.(2010).历史学是何种意义上的“科学”?.. |
| MLA | 张绪山,et al."历史学是何种意义上的“科学”?".(2010). |
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