题名风电跨区(省)送出交易及价格机制研究
作者刘涛
学位类别博士
答辩日期2012
授予单位中国科学院研究生院
授予地点北京
导师吴钢
关键词风电 wind power 跨区交易 trans-regional trading 成本分摊 cost-sharing 定价机制 pricing mechanism
其他题名Research on Trans-regional Trading and Pricing Mechanisms of Wind Power
中文摘要
      进入21世纪以来,能源可持续利用与环境保护已成为世界大多数国家共同面临的挑战。我国“十二五”规划纲要提出,2015年可再生能源占一次能源消费比重将达到11.4%。然而,我国可再生能源资源和电力需求的逆向分布格局,意味着必须建设坚强的跨区(省)输电通道和建立市场化的电力交易机制,才能实现我国可再生能源的发展目标。 风力发电是当前技术最成熟、性价比最高的可再生能源发电技术,但风电大规模、远距离送出将带来高昂的线路建设成本。同时,风电跨区(省)送出交易还会对各市场主体的利益带来较大影响。为了设计科学合理的风电跨区(省)送出交易机制和成本分摊机制,本文深入分析了欧美典型国家的相关经验,系统梳理了国内外已有研究成果,在形成基本框架的基础上,到“三北”地区进行了实地调研,以几个典型的跨区(省)送电工程为例,评估了新的价格机制可能带来的影响,并对相关细节进行了修改和完善。通过本文的研究,得到了以下结论: (1)根据我国的风电资源分布和负荷需求特点,我国风电大规模送出需要建设坚强的跨区(省)输电“硬通道”,并需要建立相应的交易机制以保障风电外送消纳。 (2)在实施配额制的情况下,各省网公司将缺乏接纳更多风电的积极性,而引入发电权交易能促进风电在更大的范围内优化配置,不仅能够提高风电机组的利用效率,而且能带来巨大的环境效益。 (3)风电大规模送出的成本受输电距离、线路容量和送出方式的影响较大,应根据不同情况设计适当的线路容量,并在具备条件的地方尽量采用风火“打捆”的送出方式。 (4)当前阶段专用送出通道、网间送出通道按电量与距离定价是相对较优的选择,网间互联线路按单一制电量定价是相对较优的选择,同时还应建立配套的输电价格补贴机制。 最后,为促进我国风电的可持续发展,本文在加强风电发展统一规划和风电外送经济评估,完善风电送出价格政策和市场交易机制等方面提出了相关建议。
英文摘要      In the 21st century, energy sustainable use and environmental conservation are common challenges for most countries. The 12th Five Year Planning Framework proposes that the proportion of renewable energy in primary energy consumption will increase to 11.4% by 2015. China has an inverse distribution of renewable energy resource and power demand, therefore, in order to meet the development goals of renewable energy resources, we must build strong transmission lines and establish market-oriented trading mechanisms. Wind power generation is the most mature and cost-effective renewable energy generation technology, but it will lead to high cost of line construction when transmitting large-scale wind power to far-away cities. Besides, it will bring great influence on each market anticipants in trans-regional or trans-provincial wind power transactions. In order to establish scientific wind power trading and cost-sharing mechanism, we analyze the development experience of typical countries, and present a preliminary framework based on comparing existing research results. Then we investigate several trans-regional transmission projects in the "Three North" area, and modify many details based on the evaluation of new trading and pricing mechanisms. Through the research of this paper, we get the following conclusions: (1) According to the characters of wind energy resource distribution and power demand in China, we need to build strong trans-regional transmission lines and establish a corresponding trading mechanism to ensure wind power delivery and transaction. (2) Under Quota System, provincial grid corporations will lack the motivation to buy more wind power, whereas Generation Rights Trading System can promote the optimal allocation of wind power in greater area. Besides, it will improve the utilization efficiency of wind turbine units and bring enormous environmental benefits. (3) Transmission distance, line capacity and transmission methods, these three factors should be considered in designing the capacity of transmission line. If conditions allow, wind power and thermal power should be transmitted in a mixed way as far as possible. (4) At present, pricing by distance and quantity is a comparatively good option for Special Transmission Projects and Interconnection Transmission Projects, pricing by the transmitted power is a better choice for Common Network Projects, the corresponding subsidy mechanism should also be established for these transmission projects. Lastly, we have proposed several suggestions to promote the sustainable development of wind power, such as strengthening unified planning and economical evaluation, improving pricing and trading mechanism.
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/35107]  
专题生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
刘涛. 风电跨区(省)送出交易及价格机制研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2012.
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