The shift between the Red Queen and the Red King effects in mutualisms

	The shift between the Red Queen and the Red King effects in mutualisms
	Gao L 1,2; Li YT[]1; Wang RW[]2
刊名	SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
	2015
卷号	5 期号:X 页码:e8237
通讯作者	liyaotang@ynu.edu.cn ; wangrw@mail.kiz.ac.cn
合作状况	其它
英文摘要	Interspecific mutualisms consist of partners trading services that yield common benefits to both species. Until now, understanding how the payoffs from mutualistic cooperation are allocated among the participants has been problematic. Two hypotheses have been proposed to resolve this problem. The Red Queen effect argues that faster-evolving species are favoured in co-evolutionary processes because they are able to obtain a larger share of benefits. Conversely, the Red King effect argues that the slower-evolving species gains a larger share of benefits. The model we propose shows that the allocations for a common benefit vary when the effect of a reward mechanism is included in the model. The outcome is a shift from the Red Queen effect to the Red King effect and vice versa. In addition, our model shows that either an asymmetry in payoff or an asymmetry in the number of cooperative partners causes a shift between the Red Queen effect and the Red King effect. Even in situations where the evolutionary rates are equal between the two species, asymmetries in rewards and in participant number lead to an uneven allocation of benefits among the partners.
收录类别	SCI
资助信息	This research was supported by the NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(31370408,31170408,31270433,71161020), the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (31325005), NSFC-Yunnan United fund (U1302267), the Postgraduate Science Foundation of the Yunnan University (Grant No. ynuy201366), the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Special Fund for the Excellent Youth of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-Q-9).
语种	英语
公开日期	2015-03-02
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/8263]
专题	昆明动物研究所_实验与理论生态学昆明动物研究所_遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.Schoolof Mathematics and Statistics,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan,650091,P.R.China 2.State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, P.R. China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gao L,Li YT[],Wang RW[]. The shift between the Red Queen and the Red King effects in mutualisms[J]. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS,2015,5(X):e8237.
APA	Gao L,Li YT[],&Wang RW[].(2015).The shift between the Red Queen and the Red King effects in mutualisms.SCIENTIFIC REPORTS,5(X),e8237.
MLA	Gao L,et al."The shift between the Red Queen and the Red King effects in mutualisms".SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 5.X(2015):e8237.