题名 | 图形中“洞”的出现与消失对扫视落点的影响 |
作者 | 姚滔 |
学位类别 | 硕士 |
答辩日期 | 2010-11 |
授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
授予地点 | 北京 |
导师 | 胡新天 |
关键词 | 洞的出现 眼动捕获 拓扑知 |
学位专业 | 神经生物学 |
中文摘要 | 只要我们睁开眼睛,视网膜就会接收到大量视觉信息,然而只有极少数才能在大脑中得到进一步的处理。这些极少数的信息主要为视网膜上中央凹所接受。那么,到底什么样的信息可以使我们的眼睛产生运动,从而使它们呈现在中央凹上呢?陈霖院士提出的拓扑视知觉理论认为物体是否有洞这一拓扑特征是一种整体性质,在视知觉中会首先被大脑加工。因而,图形中洞的出现或者消失这一拓扑性质变化可能会在自下而上(bottom-up)的水平上吸引扫视的落点,从而使其呈现在中央凹上。本研究希望通过采用眼动捕获(oculomotor capture)的范式以验证以上假设。 本研究一系列的实验结果表明,当一个没洞的图形出现有洞的变化时(实验一、实验二、实验五),如实心圆变为空心圆,要明显比一般的变化更多的吸引眼动落点指向这种变化发生的方向。这些一般的变化包括:1)没有洞的图形之间的相互变化(实验一,实验二),如实心圆与s形之间的相互变化;2)有洞图形之间的相互变化(实验三,实验四),如空心圆与空心方块之间的相互变化;3)以及有洞的图形变为没洞的图形(实验三,实验四),如空心圆变为S形;4)甚至包括一个图形的消失(实验五),如一个实心圆的消失。本研究同时证明在此范式中,一个静态的有洞的特异干扰子并不能比其它没洞的特异干扰子更多的吸引眼动(实验六)。本研究显示,当一个没洞的图形变为有洞的图形时,比其它的变化更多的在自下而上的水平上吸引眼动落点,意味着洞在图形中的出现可能是在自然环境中吸引眼动的一个重要现象。 |
英文摘要 | When we open our eyes, the retina will receive thousands of information, but only a small portion of them will be selected for further processing in our brain, which is mainly received by the fovea of the retina. Hence, which kind of visual features can attract our eyes and make themselves received by the fovea? Chen’s theory of topological perception holds that whether there is a hole in the figure is a topological and global property, which would be processed first in the brain. Hence, as topological change, the appearance and disappearance of hole may attract the saccade end point by a bottom-up fashion. The aim of this study is to validate this hypothesis by adopting the oculomotor capture paradigm. The study results show that, comparing with the general changes, transformation of no-hole figure to a hole figure (experiment 1, 2, 5), e.g. a solid circle transforms to a ring, attracts significantly more saccadic end points directing to the region of this transformation. The general changes include: 1) no-hole figures change to other no-hole figures (experiment 1, 2), e.g. solid circle changes to S-like figure and vice versa; 2) hole figures change to other hole figures (experiment 3, 4), e.g. ring changes to hollow square and vice versa; 3) hole figures change to no-hole figures (experiment 3, 4), e.g. ring changes to S-like figure; 4) even disappearance of a figure (experiment 5), e.g. disappearance of a solid circle. At the same time, the results show that a static hole singletons can not attract more saccadic end points than no-hole singletons. Above results suggest that appearance of a hole in a figure without hole before change may be an important phenomenon in our environment, according to Chen’s theory, even it is perceived as a new object. |
语种 | 中文 |
公开日期 | 2013-04-24 |
内容类型 | 学位论文 |
源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/7395] ![]() |
专题 | 昆明动物研究所_神经系统编码 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 姚滔. 图形中“洞”的出现与消失对扫视落点的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2010. |
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