| 题名 | 迫近声音刺激对面孔情绪知觉的影响及tDCS技术在面孔情绪研究中的应用 |
| 作者 | 任平 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 马原野 |
| 关键词 | 迫近刺激 情绪面孔tDCS 半球不对称性 |
| 其他题名 | Looming stimuli influence emotional face perception and application of tDCS in emotional face research |
| 学位专业 | 神经生物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 面孔表情的表达和识别是人类和非人灵长类所特有的能力，具有极其重要的进化和社会学意义。面孔表情不仅能够反映自身的情绪状态，也具有独一无二的交流功能。我的工作主要由两部分组成，分别对正性和负性情绪面孔的加工进行了比较，并对情绪面孔加工的脑机制进行了进一步研究。 第一部分工作围绕迫近声音刺激和情绪面孔的关系展开。迫近刺激被认为是一种具有内在生物学意义的预警信号，相对远离刺激，更容易被知觉到，并且具有更强的加工优势。我们的工作发现迫近声音相对于远离声音等其他声音刺激，能够显著地易化负性情绪面孔的知觉，而对正性情绪面孔和非情绪面孔目标的知觉没有显著的影响。有趣的是，迫近声音刺激对中性面孔的处理也有明显的加快作用。我们的结果证明了迫近刺激具有生物学意义，同时说明与危险刺激相关的信息加工不依赖于刺激形式。 第二部分工作，我们采用tDCS（transcranial direct current stimulation）技术分别刺激右侧背外侧前额叶（dorsolateral prefrontal cortex，DLPFC）和初级视皮层（primary visual cortex，V1），对情绪面孔加工的神经机制进行了研究。结果显示当正性电流激活右侧DLPFC时，能够选择性地易化正性面孔的加工，而对负性面孔加工基本没有影响。而激活初级视皮层对情绪面孔相关的任务有一定易化作用，但在不同情绪面孔之间没有差异。我们的工作第一次采用tDCS技术证明情绪面孔的加工和右侧DLPFC，V1的功能有密切关系。结果支持对情绪面孔信息的加工在大脑中是分布式的加工方式。 |
| 英文摘要 | It is a unique ability for human and nonhuman primates to recognize and express facial expressions, which is of great ecological and social significance. Facial expressions can not only present intrinsic emotional state, but also help communicate with each other. During my PhD study, my work focused on the cross-modal interaction of emotional information and neuro-mechanism of emotional face processing. In the first part of my work, I studied the relationship between looming stimuli and emotional face processing. A looming auditory stimulus can be an intrinsic warning signal that helps animals detect approaching threats in the natural environment. We found that processing a negative face was significantly faster and more sensitive when it was presented after a looming versus a receding sound. In contrast, for positive faces and scrambled faces, there was no such looming effect. Interestingly, perception of neutral faces was also facilitated by looming sound. Our results support the hypothesis that looming is an intrinsic warning signal of biological salience, and provide the first evidence of a direct relationship between a looming sound and the detection of facial emotion. In the second part, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied to study the neuro-mechanism of emotional face processing. The results showed that anodal tDCS over right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) can facilitate perception of positive face, but not negative face. In addition, the perception of emotional face was slight better when anodal tDCS was over primary visual cortex (V1). Applying tDCS, the current study demonstrated that rDLPFC and V1 were concerned with emotional face perception for the first time. Thus, the processing information of emotional face is distributed in the brain. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-08-26 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/353002/6723]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_认知障碍病理学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 任平. 迫近声音刺激对面孔情绪知觉的影响及tDCS技术在面孔情绪研究中的应用[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
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