为了解城市道路径流污染物的排放特征,于2013年6~9月期间,观测了北京市区内环路降雨径流污染的状况,并分析了径流中颗粒物、氮和磷的排放特征及其关系,在此基础上评估了氮、磷和颗粒物的负荷.结果表明道路径流中颗粒物主要是1~10μm粒径的为主,占60%,道路径流中89%的氮是以溶解态排放(粒径小于0.45μm),80%的磷是以颗粒态排放.根据电导率(EC)和总悬浮颗粒物(TSS)与总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)相关性关系,EC和TSS可分别作为城市道路降雨径流溶解态氮和颗粒态磷污染程度的指示指标.据估算,北京环路径流中颗粒物、氮和磷污染物单位面积年负荷分别为16 725.69、1 777.91和24.23 mg·(m2·a)-1.道路径流污染物的排放特征为城市非点源污染的管理及其降雨径流污染物控制方法的选择提供了科学依据. 更多还原
 

To understand the pollution character of urban road runoff，the concentrations of TSS，EC，N and P in the ring road runoff of Beijing from June to September 2013 were evaluated，the correlations among pollutants were examined，and the load of TSS，N and P were estimated． Ｒesult showed that the small particulates in the range of 1-10 μm consisted of 60% TSS in the road runoff． Totally 89 percent of the nitrogen ( N) was dissolved phase state in the road runoff，80 percent of the phosphorus ( P) was particular phase state in the road runoff． Based on the characteristics of correlations between EC，TSS and TN，TP，EC and TSS were the surrogate indexes of pollution degree assessment for the dissolved N and particulate P in the urban road runoff，respectively． Based on our results，the SS，N and P year load per unit area in Beijing ring road runoff were 16 725. 69，1 777. 91 and 24. 23 mg·( m2·a) － 1 ， respectively． Our findings described the polutant wash off character in urban road runoff，which provide a scientific basis for management of nonpoint pollution in a city and an alternative method for controlling pollution．