| 题名 | 光纤瓦斯传感技术的研究 |
| 作者 | 林枫 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 王向朝 |
| 关键词 | 光纤传感 瓦斯 差分吸收 |
| 其他题名 | Study on optical fiber methane sensing technology |
| 中文摘要 | 光纤传感器由于具有灵敏度高、抗电磁干扰、耐腐蚀、电绝缘性好、防爆、光路可绕曲性、便于组成遥测网络、结构简单、体积小、重量轻、耗电少等优点，在国民经济的各行各业中得到了越来越广泛的重视和应用。特别是光纤布喇格光栅的出现，其丰富的各种光谱特性大大拓展了光纤传感技术的应用领域，其全光纤化的特征大大简化了传感系统的结构，提高了光纤传感系统的稳定性、可靠性和实用性。从而成为世界各国有关学术界和科研机构的研究热点。煤矿生产中的安全问题日益突出，给国家和人们生命财产造成了重大损失。瓦斯传感技术的研究一直是传感器领域中的重要方向，特别是光纤瓦斯传感器因为其独特的优点，非常适合于在煤矿等恶劣条件下发挥作用，因此光纤瓦斯传感器的研究具有实际的应用意义和潜在的社会价值。本文利用光纤布喇格光栅的窄带滤波特性和光纤的低损耗传输的优点，提出并实现了基于红外光谱吸收的、差分式光纤光栅瓦斯检测技术。本论文的研究内容主要概括为以下几个方面：对多种气体在红外波段的吸收特性进行了研究，测量了瓦斯在近红外波段吸收光谱。利用光纤光栅优良的滤波特性，根据吸收光谱选择特征波长，从而实现瓦斯的差分吸收测量。对传感器的各项关键技术进行了深入的探索和研究。设计加工了传感器所用的传感探头，并研究了传感头的稳定性和可靠性。制备的探头具有体积小、损耗低，工作距离长等特点。还设计和制备了所需的光纤光栅滤波器，在研究了其温度稳定性的同时考察了光纤光栅的可靠性，并研究了光纤光栅的温度补偿封装技术，以保证传感器的准确性和可靠性。信号的探测和处理也是本系统的难点之一。在改善放大电路的性能的同时，结合数据采集和处理系统中软件算法的研究，提高了信号检测的灵敏度和稳定性。 在以上工作的基础上进行了相关实验，并对实验结果及其存在的问题进行了分析。实现的传感器具有良好的人机界面和完善的声光报警功能，操作简便。测量灵敏度为0.1％，监测范围大于6.0％，能对瓦斯起到有效的监测和预警作用。 |
| 英文摘要 | Optical fiber sensor (OFS) has been widely used because of its high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-corrosive, good electric insulation, flexibility, possibility of networking for remote sensing, and other advantages such as simple structure, small volume, light weight, power saving, and so on. Especially after the appearance of fiber Bragg grating (FBG), the application of OFS has been greatly expended for FBG's various spectrum characteristics, and the structure of OFS system would be dramatically simplified by reason of this unique all-in-fiber device. Moreover, their stability, reliability and usability would be enhanced. Thus research of OFS based on FBG has been the hot spot all over the world. Safety problem in the coal mine is day by day prominent, and it has caused the heavy losses for national and the people's life and properties. The study on methane sensing technology is very important all the time. Optical fiber methane sensor is suitable to play the role under the extreme condition in the coal mine, because of its unique merits. Therefore there are the practical significance and social value to devote to research on optical fiber methane sensor. By using the narrow-band filtering characteristics of FBG and the merit of low transmission loss of fiber, a differential FBG methane sensing technology based on infrared spectrum absorption is proposed and realized in this thesis. The absorptions of methane and other kinds of gases in infrared band are investigated. Characteristic wavelengths of FBGs were chosen from the spectra to realize the differential absorption measurement of methane. Key technologies of FBG based methane sensor are studied. Absorption cell was fabricated, and its stability and reliability are investigated. Special FBG filters were designed and imprinted, their temperature stabilities were studied as well as the reliability inspections. Moreover, athermal packaging of FBG was studied to ensure the accuracy and reliability of sensor. Detection and treatment of signal is one of the difficulties of this sensor. In order to enhance the sensitivity and stability of signal detection, the amplification and process circuit are improved, and algorithm in data acquisition and programming are also studied at the meantime. Experimental studies were carried out based on the FBG methane sensor. It shows a friendly interface with perfect sound and light alarm functions, and it is easy to be operated. Good results are achieved. Sensitivity of measurement is better than 0.1%, and working range is larger than 6.0%, it is sufficient to be used to monitor the methane in coal mine. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16584]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 林枫. 光纤瓦斯传感技术的研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2004. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论