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题名	星间激光通信性能的地面检测与验证技术研究
作者	万玲玉
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2005
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	刘立人
关键词	星间激光通信 检测与验证 远距离传输模拟 波前采样 误码率夫琅和费衍射图样 像散
其他题名	On-ground Communication Performances Testing and Verification for Intersatellite Laser Communication Systems
中文摘要	星间激光通信技术在军用、民用和科学探索中具有重大的潜在应用，为发展功能齐全的星间激光通信终端并验证其在天上运行的可行性，事先发展相应的检测技术和测试平台是十分重要的。星间激光通信终端属于高精度的光机械系统，其主要技术参数和运行性能涉及光学、捕获跟瞄和激光通信三大部分，需要发展很高精度的技术手段进行相应的测量，而其天上的运行性能也必须事先在实验室加以验证。其中要实现星间激光通信性能的地面检测与验证，首先要实现激光超长距离传输的实验室物理模拟，但国际上尚无此相关报道，我们针对自由空间激光的远距离传输模拟和星间激光通信性能的地面测试，开展了如下几方面的工作：（l）提出了采用透镜傅立叶变换加级联光学成像放大和有限口径波前采样的方法来实现超远距离激光光束的等效传输的原理。（2）提出了（多通道）激光通信误码率检测的全物理的测量新技术方案。结合星间激光通信的特点，设计了可提供背景噪声模拟的大口径（350mm）的最大等效传输距离可达28．8万公里的自由空间激光远距离传输模拟波前采样装置，该装置属大型精密光学设备，主要由长焦距大口径傅立叶变换平行光管和三级成像放大器所组成，可测量多波段的、高速率的星间激光通信性能，包括给定传输距离下的误码率和给定误码率下的等效传输距离测量，同时还具有测量大口径发射光束的远场发散角和发射光功率的功能。此外，还提出了结合精密光束偏转器进行动态通信性能检测的方案。设计完成的装置基本上可满足目前各种星间激光通信终端测试的使用要求，具有较大的实用价值。分析了地面大气、透镜传递函数、视轴偏差、位置装校精度、采样口径精度对测量结果的影响，给出了参考修正因子和装校精度要求。目前该装置已全部设计完成，可立即加工。（3）设计了一个紧凑型的口径为280mm、最大等效传输距离为3．5万公里的星间激光通信性能设备，并提出了在此基础上实现系统多功能化的方法，可将其改装成能测试包括光学、跟瞄和通信性能的综合检验平台。对系统进行了基本的精度分析，给出了装校要求和采样口径的精度要求以及设备的使用方法。目前该设备已完成大部分元件的采购和加工，不久可组装。（4）其他：半导体激光被广泛应用于光通信、光存储和光学测量等领域，由于半导体激光的像散特性，在绝大多数的应用中都需要对其进行光束整形，了解半导体激光的波面性质对于它的光束整形具有重要的意义，对物体置于透镜前的衍射光学系统进行了傅立叶变换分析，提出了一种通过测量物体的夫琅和费面来确定光束的波面曲率半径的方法，可将之应用于半导体激光波面像散性质的测量，只要测量出半导体激光平行和垂直p－结方向的波面曲率半径，即可确定它的像散，它和刀口阴影法检测几何象差一样具有简单实用的特点。（5）此外还进行了二维激光光束扫描器的研究工作。
英文摘要	Intersatellite laser communication technology has the great potential for wide applications in the areas of commercial, military communications and scientific exploring. For the development of a full scale space system and on-ground optical space communication feasibility demonstration, it is important to develop relevant testing techniques and build a complete system test bed. The intersatellite laser communication terminal (ILCT) is an optical-mechanism system of high-accuracy and its performance testing includes mainly optical, pointing, acquisition and tracking (PAT), and communication performance tests. We need to develop the new methods and the testing equipments more precisely than the required performance to evaluate it. It is necessary to realize the in-lab simulation for long-distance propagation of laser beams in free-space for the communication performance tests. But there is no report about it. We have carried out the following works about on-ground communication performances testing and verification for the ILCTs. The principle to realize long-distance equivalent propagation of laser beam in free-space by Four-transform, cascade imagine magnification and the wavefront sampling with the limited-apertures was proposed. A new testing technique for the evaluation of communication performance (including in multi-channels) for ILCTs was proposed. An optical wavefront sampling simulator for free-space long-distance propagation of laser beam was designed on the basis of the key characteristics of the intersatellite links, which has 350mm aperture and the maximum distance reaches 288,000 kilometers and can provide light noise source. The simulator is a big optical system of high-accuracy, which mainly consists of a Four-transform lens of big aperture and long focal length and following three optical imaging magnifiers and works over the visible and infrared spectral region. It can be used for the evaluation of communication performances of terminals with high date rate and different wavelength, particularly for measuring the bit error-rate under a constant transmission distance or for testing the equivalent transmission distance under a constant bit error-rate. It also can measure the spreads of big-aperture laser beams and the transmitting powers of terminals. In addition, we provided a method for the dynamic bit error rate testing by combining the simulator with a 2-D beamsteerer with the accuracy of the sub-microradiam. A majority of ILCTs can be tested by the simulator and it will have a wide application. In paper, we analyzed the effects of atmosphere, transfer functions of optical systems, alignment errors and the sampling aperture accuracy on the measurement results and given the correction and calibration requirement. We have finished all of the design and the optical simulator can now be put into fabrication. (3) A compact optical testing system for communication performance of the ILCTs was designed, which has 280mm aperture and the maximum distance reaches 35,000 kilometers. The system has the potential to be developed for measuring the optical, pointing, acquisition and tracking (PAT), and communication performance and become a multi-function testbed. The errors analysis of the optical system was given and the alignment requirement and the sampling aperture accuracy were provided. We have finished the design of the system and bought all the important equipments needed. The optical testing system will work in the near future. (4)Others: Diode laser had been used widely in various fields of technology such as optical communication, optical sensing, and optical measurement. In most these applications, the beams of diode lasers need to be shaped by using an appropriate optical system for its astigmatic aberration. It is very helpful to know the astigmatism character of a diode laser for its shaping. By the Fourier transform analysis of an optical diffraction system which the object placed in front of the lens, a simple method for the measurements of the radius of curvature of laser beams is introduced. It determines radius of curvature of the wavefront through the measurement of the location of the Fraunhofer plane. It can be developed to estimate the astigmatic aberration of a diode laser. If only the laser wavefront radius of curvature in the directions both normal and parallel to junction is known, the astigmatism is determined. Similar to the knife edge testing, the method is simple and effective. (5) We also develop the research about the laser scanner.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15437]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	万玲玉. 星间激光通信性能的地面检测与验证技术研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2005.

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